op chicago



May 26, 1931. s. EGLOFF PRDCESS OF CRACKING PETROLEU" 61L O riginai Filecj. Dec. 10', 1920 .AN. N

I Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GUSTAV EGLOFF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS GOM- PANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA YBOGESS OF CRACKING PETROLEUM OIL Application filed. December 10, 1920, Serial No. 428,609. Renewed June 9, 1926.

This invention relates to improvementsin process for crackmg petroleum 011, and refers more particularly to a process in which .oil is subjected to action of heat and pressure and simultaneously to the action of an incondensible gas such as hydrogen chloride I in vertical section of the apparatus for carrying out the invention.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates the furnace, having combustion chamber 2,

burner 3, stack 4. In the furnace is mounted the heating coil 5, which takes the form in the present instance of a continuous coil of say four-inch pipe several hundred feet in length. The inlet side ofthe coil is connected to the charging pump 6 by means of feed line 7. This charging pump 6 is in turn connected to any suitable raw oil supply, as for example, an asphaltic fuel oil or an asphaltic crude, such as Mexican or California heavy crudes, or heavy Texas or other Midcontinent fuel oils. The delivery side of the coil 5-is connected by insulated transfer line 8, having throttle valve 9, to an expansion chamber 10, preferably located outside of the fire zone, and taking the form in the present instance of a large drum, as for example, a

horizontal cylinder 8 feet in diameter and 50 feet long. This expansion chamber is provided with residue draw ofi' pipe 11, having throttle valve 12, and with vapor outlet pipe 13, which pipe 13 extends into the lower part of a dephlegmator 14, and is provided with a spaced cap member 15, the arrangement be- 1ng such as to permit the vapors to readily enter the dephlegmator, but preventing the reflux condensate from fallin back into the vapor chamber. This deph egmator 14 is provided with spaced bafiie members 16, and

is shown as inclined at an angle of say 45 degrees. It is also provided with a vapor outlet pipe 17 having throttle valve 18, and leading to condenser coil 19, seated in condenserbox 20.- The lower. end of the coil is connected by pipe 21, having throttle valve 22, to the top of the receiver 23. This receiver 23 has pressure gauge 24, liquid level gauge 25, and liquid draw ofi' pipes 26 and 27 controlled by throttle valves 28 and 29 respectively. It is also provided with an incondensible gas outlet pipe 30, having throttle valve 31. The pipe 30 may be connected to a suitable supply tank, not shown, of hydrogen chloride gas. The reflux condensate is drawn-off the bottom of the dephlegmator through pipe 32, having throttle valve 33,

' which pipe 32 leads back to the feed line 7 As a feature of the invention, there is introduced into the feed line 7 through pipe 34, having throttle valve 35, hydrogen chloride gas under pressure. As the process proceeds, the fresh hydrogen chloride gas may be mixed with the gas coming out of the pipe 30, and returned to the system. By means of the present process, hydrocarbon chlorides will be produced and also light oils,

such as gasolene, kerosene or the like. Carrying out the process,.the hydrocarbon oil may be heated to a temperature in the heatin coil of say 750 degrees F., more or less, su jected to a pressure of say 100 pounds. It will be understood that the pressure may till vary widely with the result to be obtained in I the kind of oil being treated, and of course this also applies to the temperature.

I claim as my invention:

A process of cracking petroleum oil wherei in hydrocarbon chlorides are formed consisting in continuously passing a stream of oil through a cracking coil disposed within a furnace, in subjecting said oil while in the furnace to a cracking temperature while maintained under a superatmospheric pressure, in introducing said oil to an expansion chamber where vaporization occurs, in condensing the vapors and collecting the condensate and ases in a receiver, and in continuously a itting to the stream of oil passm to said cracking coil incondensable gases rom said'receiver mixed with hydroing coil. 1

gen chloride for passage through said crack- GUSTAV EGLOFF. 

